Interaction of half-filled d orbital of transition metal with p orbital of host atom leads to interesting properties for magneto-optical application. Over last few decades, study of TM doped in nanostructures leads to generation of a novel class of nanomaterials called diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS), which is potentially important towards spintronic applications,. found that transition metal (TM) doped InP NWs synthesis using VLS process prefer to be ZB instead of wurzite structure and oriented along most common (111) growth direction. reported that (111) oriented NW is more stable than (110) oriented NW in zinc-blende (ZB) configuration. There are various reports available on electronic properties of semiconductor NWs, which is a function of shape, size, and crystallographic orientation of NW and can be alter through the process of doping,. reported fabrication of InP NWs arrays along (111) phase, using metal–organic vapour phase epitaxy. They suggested that the synthesized sample can be indexed as sphalerite-structured, cubic phase InP with lattice constant of a = 5.858 Å. successfully synthesized branched InP NWs with single crystalline and twinning structure using solvothermal synthesis method. chemical vapor deposition (CVD), thermal evaporation, intermittent laser-ablation catalytic growth, in-situ formation in liquid templates, vapour liquid solid (VLS) etc. There are many ways by which NWs can be successfully synthesized viz. The successful realization of both n- and p-type doped InP NWs became a promising nanostructure for next generation nanoscale devices. It has been reported that NWs can be used in functional nano-scale devices, which also provide a path for fabricating optical devices and building block for photonic integrated circuit at nanoscale level. This is a little bit of why the angles increase as you increase s character.Owing to enormous potential applications of nanowires (NWs) significant achievement have been made to grow one dimensional (1-D) NWs with controlled diameter and crystallinity. It turns out that the best way to keep two orbitals from overlapping much is to put them on opposite sides of the atom (sp - 180 degrees) keeping three of the same orbital apart results in a trigonal planar type structure (sp2 - 120 degrees). Recall that when you hybridize one s and one p orbital, you get two sp orbitals, similarly you can mix two p and one s to get three equivalent sp2 orbitals. An sp orbital is half s character, sp2 is 1/3 s character and sp3 is 1/4 s character, so increasing the s character corresponds to increasing the bond angle.Īnother way to think about it is that you want to keep all of the orbitals of the same shape as far apart as possible (typically we would actually say that we want them to overlap as little as possible). The bond angle of sp3 is 109.5, sp2 is 120 and sp is 180. so an sp-sp bond is strongest, and sp3-sp3 bond is weakest. Answer: s-character is the contribution of sigma type bond in a hybridization: sp3 = 25% s-character, 75% p-character sp2 = 33% s-character, 66% p-character sp = 50% s-character, 50% p-character The more s-character a bond has, the stronger and shorter the bond is.